BLOOD
Blood is a fluid connective tissue.
It is 6.8 litresin man and 500ml less in woman.
6-8% of body weight (pH7.4)
CONSTITUENTS
Solid or cellular part called blood cells and fluid part called the blood plasma
BLOOD CELLS
1. Red Blood Corpuscles (RBC)
Also called Erythrocytes, disc-shaped (for increased surface area), no nucleus contains a pigment called Haemoglobin, which gives blood its red color.
Average man: Amount of Haemoglobin is 14- 15.6gm/100cc of blood (11 – 14 in woman)
RBC are produced in spleen and liver in foetus and in bone marrow after birth @ 1.2 million/sec
Life of RBC is 120 days after which they are broken down in spleen or liver. Product of breakdown of haemoglobin is a pigment (yellow colour), called bilirubin which normally disposed off through bile whereas haem transferred to red bone marrow. Retention of bilirubin leads to jaundices.
More: Polycythemia. Less : Anaemia
2. White Blood Corpuscles (WBC)
Also called Leucocytes rounded, with a nucleus, far less numerous than RBCs (1:400 - 500) (5,000-10,000/cu mm), life 3-4 days, soldiers of body’s defence system.
Are of 2 types: Granulocytes (Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils) and Agranulocytes (Monocytes: Lymphocytes)
Basophils: Take up basic stains. Have an Sshaped nucleus. Secrete an anti-coagulant Heparih, which prevents clots within the blood vessels.
Neutrophils: Stain equally well with both acidic and basic dyes. Most numerous of the WBCs (65-70%). Defence.
Monocytes: Largest of all.
Lymphocytes: 25% of the WBC. Takes part in antigen and antibody formation.
3. Platelets
Also called Thrombocytes, formed in bone marrow, about 2,50,000/cu mm of blood life 3-7days, sets off blood clotting
PLASMA (65%)
Watery part of blood, clear, yellow fluid. Contains about 90% water, proteins and orgains salts.
Plasma contains 7% proteins which include Albumin, Globulin and Fibrinogen.
Plasma transports nutrients from the small intestine to the body tissues, and return the waster material to the kidneys, where it is filtred out.
Regulates pH of blood.
Blood is a fluid connective tissue.
It is 6.8 litresin man and 500ml less in woman.
6-8% of body weight (pH7.4)
CONSTITUENTS
Solid or cellular part called blood cells and fluid part called the blood plasma
BLOOD CELLS
1. Red Blood Corpuscles (RBC)
Also called Erythrocytes, disc-shaped (for increased surface area), no nucleus contains a pigment called Haemoglobin, which gives blood its red color.
Average man: Amount of Haemoglobin is 14- 15.6gm/100cc of blood (11 – 14 in woman)
RBC are produced in spleen and liver in foetus and in bone marrow after birth @ 1.2 million/sec
Life of RBC is 120 days after which they are broken down in spleen or liver. Product of breakdown of haemoglobin is a pigment (yellow colour), called bilirubin which normally disposed off through bile whereas haem transferred to red bone marrow. Retention of bilirubin leads to jaundices.
More: Polycythemia. Less : Anaemia
2. White Blood Corpuscles (WBC)
Also called Leucocytes rounded, with a nucleus, far less numerous than RBCs (1:400 - 500) (5,000-10,000/cu mm), life 3-4 days, soldiers of body’s defence system.
Are of 2 types: Granulocytes (Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils) and Agranulocytes (Monocytes: Lymphocytes)
Basophils: Take up basic stains. Have an Sshaped nucleus. Secrete an anti-coagulant Heparih, which prevents clots within the blood vessels.
Neutrophils: Stain equally well with both acidic and basic dyes. Most numerous of the WBCs (65-70%). Defence.
Monocytes: Largest of all.
Lymphocytes: 25% of the WBC. Takes part in antigen and antibody formation.
3. Platelets
Also called Thrombocytes, formed in bone marrow, about 2,50,000/cu mm of blood life 3-7days, sets off blood clotting
PLASMA (65%)
Watery part of blood, clear, yellow fluid. Contains about 90% water, proteins and orgains salts.
Plasma contains 7% proteins which include Albumin, Globulin and Fibrinogen.
Plasma transports nutrients from the small intestine to the body tissues, and return the waster material to the kidneys, where it is filtred out.
Regulates pH of blood.
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