DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY
UNIT I
1.
The
cells and molecules responsible for immunity are called immune system
2.
The
cells and molecules efforts in regards to any etiological agent are called immune
responses.
3.
Small pox was the first disease that was
eradicated worldwide by vaccination
4.
Sebum
(sweat) is a protective acid film over the skin surface that inhibits growth of
many microbes
5.
The
multilobed nucleus cells they are normally called polymorphonuclear
leucocytes
6.
Monocytes are the largest of all types of
leucocytes
7.
Monocytes have clear cytoplasm.
8.
Monocytes
constitute about 2-10% of the blood leucocytes.
9.
Neutrophils
constitute about 40% to 75% of the blood leucocytes in humans.
10. Macrophages residence
in particular tissues becoming fixed macrophages
11. Macrophages
remain motile and are called wandering macrophages.
12. NK cells
constitute 5%-10% of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in humans.
13. The function of
NK cells is apoptosis which means natural cell death
14. NK cells produce
chemical called as perforins
15. Complement was
first named by Ehrlich
16. Jules Bordet is the
discoverer of complement.
17. Inflammation
helps restore tissue homeostasis
18. The memory cells
are otherwise called as Primed cells.
19. The process of
production of cells of immune system in the bone marrow is called haematopoiesis.
20. TH cells are most
numerous of the T cells.
21. The cytotoxic T
cell secretes hole-forming proteins, called perforins
22. TS cells are
capable of suppressing the functions of cytotoxic and helper T cells.
23. BCG vaccine are live
bacterial vaccine for tuberculosis
24. IgG antibodies can cross
placental barrier to reach the foetus.
25. Human colostrum
(mother’s first milk) is rich in IgA antibodies.
26. B lymphocyte are
matured in bone marrow
27. The macrophages
produce a group of antimicrobial and cytotoxic peptides, commonly known as defensins
28. The neutrophil
has a multilobed nucleus and a granulated cytoplasm that stains with
both acid and basic dyes
29. The eosinophil
has a bilobed nucleus and a granulated cytoplasm that stains with the acid
dye eosin red
30. The basophil has
a lobed nucleus and heavily granulated cytoplasm that stains with the
basic dye methylene blue
31. Neutrophils also
employ both oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent pathways
32. Basophils are nonphagocytic
granulocytes
33. Immunity is also
called disease resistance
34. The thymus and
bone marrow are the primary (or central) lymphoid organs
35. The lymph
nodes, spleen, MALT are the secondary (or peripheral) lymphoid organs
36. The thymus
is the site of T-cell development and maturation
37. Molecules that
stimulate immune responses are called Immunogens.
38. Epitope is
immunologically active regions of an immunogen (or antigen)
39. Autoantigens are a person’s
own self antigens
40. Alloantigens are antigens
found in different members of the same species
41. Heterophile
antigens are
identical antigens found in the cells of different species
42. Adjuvants are substances
that are non-immunogenic alone but enhance the immunogenicity of any added
immunogen.
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